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    <font face="Verdana">I attribute my contact experience to a
      combination of # of hams in a country and propagation.  There are
      times on 15m FT8, for example, where I can decode 24+ JA stations
      in a single period with only 2 or 3 non JAs.  However the raw
      number of Slovenian stations, despite a much easier path to the
      EU, is rather low due to a much smaller population (6,500 in
      2000).<br>
      <br>
      If you arrange that same listing by # of licensed hams the results
      are quite different:<br>
      <br>
    </font><font face="Verdana"><font face="Verdana">The Top Ten by # of
        licensed hams<br>
      </font></font>
    <table width="33%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" border="2">
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top"><font face="Verdana">10: Russia</font><br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">38,000<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">9: South Korea<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">42,632<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">8: Spain<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">58,700<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">7: Germany<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">63,070<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">6: Canada<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">70,198<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">5: United Kingdom<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">75,660<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">4:Thailand<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">101,763<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">3: China<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">150,000<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">2: Japan<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">381,899<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="top">1: US<br>
          </td>
          <td valign="top">779,545<br>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
    <font face="Verdana"><font face="Verdana"><br>
        Now, if you add propagation to the equation, my experience makes
        more sense.  Italy is #13 with 30,000 reported hams but this
        data is quite old, 1993, so I suspect the current number is
        rather different.  Another outlier, in my experience, is China. 
        I have many contacts in Japan but only a small handful into
        China.  The data from Russia is also quite old, 1993.  I see
        tons of Russian stations on any given day.<br>
        <br>
        I have not taken a stats class, but I can whip up a mean
        spreadsheet! ;-)<br>
        <br>
        73,<br>
        <br>
        T.<br>
      </font></font><br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 05-Sep-23 11:11, Nancy Araway wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:211460632.2734819.1693926673290@mail.yahoo.com">
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      <div class="ydp357f5dc5yahoo-style-wrap"
        style="font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial,
        sans-serif;font-size:16px;">
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">I find this metric quite
          interesting for purposes of the ARRL or FEMA, who have
          embedded interest in increasing the percent of the population
          with RF communications capabilities.  But  it strikes me that
          it's a really broad leap to compare how many contacts you make
          within a given population to the license density within that
          population <span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
              font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
              font-size: 16px;">for the purpose of understanding why you
              get more Q's from Germany, Spain and Italy</span></span>. 
          While license density matters, it is only one factor in that
          equation, and like Slovenia, can be entirely over ridden when
          multiplied by the population of the country.</div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br>
        </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">I think the dominant factors
          would be the percent of global hams in the country (country
          licenses/global licensees) times a geo-political factor that
          measures how active hams are in each country (think Germany
          vs. Korea), times a location dependent propagation factor.  </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br>
        </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Sorry, sometimes I overthink
          these things.  I like Statistics.....</div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br>
        </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Nan</div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">NK1A</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div id="ydpd01793ayahoo_quoted_4217051550"
        class="ydpd01793ayahoo_quoted">
        <div style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial,
          sans-serif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;">
          <div> On Tuesday, September 5, 2023 at 10:37:24 AM EDT, Tim
            KC1RET <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:kc1ret.radio@gmail.com"><kc1ret.radio@gmail.com></a> wrote: </div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div><br>
          </div>
          <div>
            <div id="ydpd01793ayiv1577707962">
              <div> <font face="Verdana">I was ruminating the other day
                  about the relative percentage of hams in various
                  countries.  I seem to work A LOT of Italians,
                  Spaniards and Germans.  So a quick Google search led
                  me to Wikipedia.  It has a listing of hams by country
                  ( <a href="https://bit.ly/3sI2aeR"
                    class="ydpd01793ayiv1577707962moz-txt-link-freetext
                    moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank"
                    rel="noreferrer noopener" moz-do-not-send="true">https://bit.ly/3sI2aeR</a>
                  ).<br>
                  <br>
                  The Top Ten by % of Population<br>
                </font>
                <table width="33%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2"
                  border="2">
                  <tbody>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top"><font face="Verdana">10: United
                          Kingdom: </font></td>
                      <td valign="top"><font face="Verdana">0.114</font></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top"><font face="Verdana">9: New
                          Zealand:</font></td>
                      <td valign="top">0.120<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">8: Norway: (seriously?)<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.125<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">7: Spain:<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.127<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">6: Thailand:<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.147<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">5: Denmark<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.152<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">4: Canada:<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.187<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">3: US:<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.233<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">2: Japan:<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.304<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td valign="top">1: Slovenia:<br>
                      </td>
                      <td valign="top">0.317<br>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody>
                </table>
                <font face="Verdana"><br>
                  Germany was 15 at 0.073% and Italy 21 at 0.049%.<br>
                  <br>
                  Slovenia was a bit of a surprise but it is a small
                  country so a relatively small population of hams
                  (6,500 as of 2000) can tip the scale pretty easily. 
                  Same with Norway with 6,818 hams as of 2022.  US had
                  almost 780,000 as of 2021.<br>
                  <br>
                  So we hams are a relative rarity, population wise -
                  approx. 1 in 500 in the US.  We are LEET! ( <a
                    href="https://bit.ly/45DwgyC"
                    class="ydpd01793ayiv1577707962moz-txt-link-freetext
                    moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank"
                    rel="noreferrer noopener" moz-do-not-send="true">https://bit.ly/45DwgyC</a>
                  )<br>
                  <br>
                  73,<br>
                  <br>
                  T.<br>
                </font>
                <div class="ydpd01793ayiv1577707962moz-signature">-- <br>
                  <p style="font-family:Verdana, Geneva,
                    sans-serif;font-size:10px;">Courageously sent from a
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                                <td>
                                  <h3>Tim Carter - KC1RET</h3>
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                          <p>"Computers are incredibly fast, accurate
                            and stupid; humans are incredibly slow,
                            inaccurate and brilliant; together they are
                            powerful beyond imagination." -- <i>Albert
                              Einstein</i></p>
                          <p style="font-family:Verdana, Geneva,
                            sans-serif;font-size:10px;">Warning:
                            Spelling errors in this message are the
                            product of a poor school system. Pay
                            teachures more than athletes.<br>
                            IMPORTANT: This email is intended for the
                            use of the individual addressee(s) named
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            _______________________________________________<br>
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    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
      <p style="font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size:10px;
        -webkit-margin-after:.5em; -webkit-margin-before:.5em">Courageously
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                      <h3>Tim Carter - KC1RET</h3>
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              <p>"Computers are incredibly fast, accurate and stupid;
                humans are incredibly slow, inaccurate and brilliant;
                together they are powerful beyond imagination." -- <i>Albert
                  Einstein</i></p>
              <p style="font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;
                font-size:10px; -webkit-margin-after:.5em;
                -webkit-margin-before:.5em">Warning: Spelling errors in
                this message are the product of a poor school system.
                Pay teachures more than athletes.<br>
                IMPORTANT: This email is intended for the use of the
                individual addressee(s) named above and may contain
                information that is confidential privileged or
                unsuitable for overly sensitive persons with low
                self-esteem, no sense of humor or irrational religious
                beliefs. If you are not the intended recipient, any
                dissemination, distribution or copying of this email is
                not authorized (either explicitly or implicitly) and
                constitutes an irritating social fauxpas. No animals
                were harmed in the transmission of this email, although
                the mutt next door is living on borrowed time, let me
                tell you.</p>
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